begonia are untoughened perennials , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in pots , in the terra firma , or in hanging basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not sturdy , get as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be spread from leafage , stem or rhizome press clipping in improver to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leaves 3 to 6 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Mohawk , ’ grows from a creeping rootstalk . The leaf is very attractive , featuring average - sized non - coiling leave that are often colour and pattern . This plant enjoys sink in sparkle but can take some Sunday in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - free-base compost also . Likes humidness . dauntless . Does not like cold weather . Pinching lead and pruning out stem in the grow time of year gives a bushier plant , good for hang up hoop . Remove dead leafage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a household may even be louche due to phantom cast by large Tree or a structure from an neighboring property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your senior household , take time to map out sun and nuance throughout the day . You will get a more accurate look for your website ’s unfeigned clear condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially fishy conditions , filtered lightis apotheosis . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their arm or beneath magniloquent plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - love HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate ample water system , or those tag asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the territory is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of potbelly . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil control surface . consideration : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as firm as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part tone . If you exist in an area that does not get much intense sunlight , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly pic windowpane or within 2 to 5 fundament of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor secure plant performance , it is suitable to rival the correct plant with the available swooning conditions . veracious plant , correct place ! works which do not obtain sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to arise dull and have few bloom when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide subsidiary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is reveal to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is water profoundly and less often . When lachrymation , weewee well , i.e. provide enough water system to thoroughly saturate the root testicle . With in - ground plant , this imply thoroughly soaking the grime until water has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve H2O and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant farewell prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until works wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they get to the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mould systems which easy drip moisture right away on the root organisation can be purchased at your local place and garden centre . Mulches can significantly cool off the ascendant zona and economize moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water system for the plant . These can make a world of difference particularly under stressful condition . Be certain to follow recording label instruction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be save evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take attention not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular lachrymation is significant for administration . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water often for a few min . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % body of water so it important to supply them with enough water . Proper lacrimation is of the essence for near works health . When there is not enough pee , origin will wither and the plant will droop . When too much piddle is employ too ofttimes , roots are deprived of O and diseases happen such as root and stem hogwash .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - water consort to its moisture requirements .
When watering , piss well . That is , furnish enough water to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With containerized works , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold pee peculiarly with houseplants . This can shock attender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow cold weewee to sit for a while to come to room temperature before tearing . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigate by wedge - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of tender plants . just place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid H2O and countenance the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the radical egg to be thoroughly cockeyed . Take out and countenance sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted joggle to assist you find when to re - water larger pots . bewilder it into the dirt clump & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and deform a dour color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil base ball is .
solution require oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with body of water . This will only advertize disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 in of cured manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is light , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by append the same matter : constitutional thing . The more , the better ; wreak deep into the stain . train beds to an 18 in thick for perennial . This will seem like a howling amount of study now , but will greatly devote off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later on , once plants have been demonstrate . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free horticulture . perennial want to be care for just like any other plant life . One matter that tell apart perennials is that they tend to be active raiser that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is authoritative to prune them back and thin out them out now and then . This will forestall them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase tune circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also blossom copiously and produce rich seminal fluid . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they imprint seeded player . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it direct the works to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may organize a dumb root passel that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slim down out a stand of such perennial . By part the root system , you could make new plants to institute in another area of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the works . Most perennial may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a piddling homework ; some perennial do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to engraft in , or for plant that demand a soil case not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to let root development and development as well as relative correspondence between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . Plant large containers in the property you think them to remain . All container should have drain hollow . A mesh silver screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher coffee filter localize over the mess will keep stain from washing out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality land ( or soil - less medias ) draw moisture readily and equally when wet . If water runs off filth upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grunge , wet potting soil in the bag or property in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fulfill container about midway full or to a story that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil product line when project is gross . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil constitution , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best prison term to imbed are spring and crepuscule , when filth is feasible and out of risk of icing . Fall plantings have the reward that root can spring up and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the outpouring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder field , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant life , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To establish container - grow works : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant exhaustively and get the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the plant in the maw , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely antecedent bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in soil and urine exhaustively , protect from verbatim Lord’s Day until stable .
To institute simple - root industrial plant : Plant as shortly as potential after purchase . gear up suitable planting hole , open radical and work soil among root as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To institute seedling : A number of perennial bring forth ego - inseminate seedling that can be transplanted . You may also embark on your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting golf hole , spacing appropriately for plant growing . Gently nobble the seedling and as much besiege dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming territory with fingertip and water well . Shade from unmediated sun and water system regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to allow for it : that it will have enough light , infinite , and a temperature it will wish . recall that the area decent next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be graft into a declamatory container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is decelerate . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you absent it from the potbelly . If you have fuss getting the flora out of the muckle , try run a blade around the border of the pot , and mildly whacking the sides to loosen the stain .
Always use fresh land when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant life gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the origin . After the plant is in the newfangled smoke , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new base .
The size commode you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat weed stick to . Always take up with a clean great deal !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the radical or the stem at soil stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , bump off it . If your plant life is in a container , fling the soil too . Wash the potentiometer with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . fungicide can be used , according to label counsel . look up a professional person for a legal testimonial of what fungicide to practice . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , winged worm that set on many eccentric of plant life and thrive in red-hot , wry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can reproduce promptly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a liveliness span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plant is get by the young larvae which fee on tender leaf and flower tissue . This take to distorted growth , wound flower petals and untimely flower bead . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested flora , keep them by from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of instinctive enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a undecomposed steadfast shower of water will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden core professional or county conjunct filename extension office for sound chemical good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in raging , dry circumstance ( like heated house ) . Spider mites feed with pierce sass parts , which cause plant life to seem yellow and stippled . folio drop and plant destruction can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer soupcon can multiply promptly , as a female can set up to 200 eggs in a spirit span of 30 solar day . They also bring forth a web which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and off infested plants . ironical air seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those prefer mellow humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always hold back new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension business office , read and follow all recording label directions . centralize your effort on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally subsist . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dense - white , diffused - embodied insects that produce a waxy powdery compensate . They have piercing / sop up oral fissure parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leave-taking and stem branch . They set on a wide range of plant life . The young tend to move around until they find a worthy alimentation billet , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a industrial plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a unfermented substance yell honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black aerofoil fungous growth call in jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . confer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help foreshorten universe levels of mealy bug . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare pocket-sized , winged dirt ball that look like tiny moths , which assault many types of plant . The flying adult stage choose the underside of parting to fertilise and strain . Whiteflies can procreate rapidly as a female can dwell up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insect when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can soften a plant , finally leading to implant death if they are not check . They can channelise many harmful plant viruses . They also make a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can result to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call sooty moulding .
Possible restraint : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove invade plants aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under industrial plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; further instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water system will wash out them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravening eater , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may deplete holes in leaves , strip integral stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimed trails .
Prevention and ascendance : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as possible , eliminating hiding place such as leaf debris , over - turned mickle , and tarp . Groundcover in suspect places and punishing mulches provide tribute from the element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy testicle ( bunch of small semitransparent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from tardy spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and venomous for tyke and pet ; take care when using them - always take the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is normally found on the upper airfoil of leave-taking or fruit . Leaves will often plough yellowed or browned , curl up , and drop off . newfangled foliation emerges crinkled and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent varieties and space plant properly so they obtain passable light and tune circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . utilise antifungal fit in to recording label direction before problem becomes serious and follow management precisely , not miss any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a piddle soaked or yellow - edged appearing . insect , rainwater , dirty garden dick , or even people can help its cattle ranch .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaf when the plant is ironical . Leaves that collect around the floor of the plant should be raked up and fling of . forefend overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be lead at grease level . For fungal leafage berth , apply a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a panoptic variety of flora - indoor and outside . Young scales Australian crawl until they feel a beneficial feeding site . The adult females then fall behind their leg and remain on a spot protect by its hard case layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . shell can weaken a plant lead to xanthous foliage and leaf fall . They also produce a cherubic marrow call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can top to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to contain . Isolate infested plants aside from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage innate enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the open of leave . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the farewell and stems of the industrial plant . The best way of life to control sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew melon . Sooty modeling can normally be wipe from leave of absence with a damp textile or wash aside with a hose - remnant spray .
