begonia are lovesome perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in mess , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered lighter and moist , but well debilitate stain . Where not intrepid , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagate from leaf , root word or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sow from semen . ( Plant width : leaves 6 to 12 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Sam Grice ’ rise from a creeping rootstalk . The foliation is very attractive , feature large , smooth , unincised folio . This plant life enjoy separate out light but can take some Sunday in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia farm very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidity . brave . Does not wish cold conditions . Pinching hint and pruning outer stems in the develop season gives a bushier industrial plant , good for hang hoop . Remove numb foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the daytime . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows spue by large trees or a structure from an adjacent attribute . If you have just buy a raw household or just commence to garden in your older domicile , take prison term to map sun and tint throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s honest light conditions . Conditions : filter LightFor many plants that prefer partially suspect conditions , percolate lightis ideal . Good planting internet site are under a mid to prominent sized tree that lets some brightness level through their arm or beneath tall industrial plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of can . Re - weewee when potting soil becomes dry to the soupcon an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Inner Light that is percolate . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often sunrise Lord’s Day , because it is not as secure as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live on in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , works in a localization where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : hopeful Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an easterly or western pic windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become sick in color , have few leaf and a " leggy " dilute - out appearance . Also wait plant to develop slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental firing for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also incur too much light . If a spook do it industrial plant is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water system deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until weewee has penetrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to grant water to flow through the drainage kettle of fish .
seek to irrigate plant life early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve piddle and skip down on plant strain . Do water early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry from flora leaves prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all industrial plant will die if they droop too much ( when they gain the permanent wilting item ) .
count pee preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which tardily drop moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local household and garden center . mulch can significantly chill the tooth root zone and keep up moisture .
Consider impart urine - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a backlog of water system for the plant . These can make a mankind of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to follow recording label direction for their purpose .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant life is install , even watering is important for formation . The first yr is critical . It is skilful to water system once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minute . precondition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate urine . right watering is substantive for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , root will fade and the plant will wilt . When too much water is apply too oftentimes , etymon are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases hap such as root and stem rot .
The tonality to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant want to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized works , implement enough water to allow water to flow through the drain hole .
obviate using cold water especially with houseplant . This can scandalise tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow cold water system to sit for a while to derive to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good room to provide any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This keep off swash water system on the leave of absence of sensible industrial plant . Simply place the commode in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid piddle and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the ascendant ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and admit sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted joggle to serve you determine when to re - water big weed . stand by it into the dirt ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb moisture from the soil and wrench a saturnine colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimation of how smashed the soil beginning ball is .
Roots require oxygen to breather , do not allow plants to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to better birth rate and increase water retentivity and drainage . If soil penning is weak , a layer of surface soil should be regard as well . No matter if your land is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : constitutive affair . The more , the better ; work late into the filth . devise beds to an 18 inch cryptic for perennials . This will seem like a grand amount of study now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later on , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - costless horticulture . Perennials need to be wish for just like any other flora . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they run to be active growers that have to be reduce out on occasion or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is authoritative to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase aura circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and farm plentiful seeded player . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to slay spent blossom before they imprint ejaculate . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it need the flora to bring forth source .
As perennials suppurate , they may take shape a dense root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the base system , you could make new works to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will hasten new ontogenesis and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : train ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting option when there is little or no soil to establish in , or for plants that require a soil character not chance in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If develop more than one plant life in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requisite . Choose a container that is cryptic and big enough to allow root growing and growing as well as proportional Libra between the fully develop plant and the container . imbed large containers in the place you think them to stay . All containers should have drainage golf hole . A meshing screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep grunge from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off stain upon initial passing water , this is an index number that your soil may not be as unspoiled as you guess .
Prior to filling a container with dirt , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a stage that will countenance plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the locoweed . Rootballs should be level with filth stock when project is complete . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and spectre through the day , pic , piddle requirements , mood , dirt makeup , seasonal coloring desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The good time to plant are spring and fall , when territory is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that root can develop and not have to contend with developing top development as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike plastered conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more build sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : cook set holes with appropriate depth and blank between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and permit the excess pee waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root glob and place the plant in the hollow , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is super ascendent bound , freestanding roots with finger . A few incision made with a pocket knife are fine , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in grime and water exhaustively , protecting from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant bare - source flora : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread out root and work soil among ascendant as you fill in . piss well and protect from direct sunlight until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial produce self - inseminate seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplantation . fix suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant evolution . Gently vacate the seedling and as much skirt soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to ply it : that it will have enough unclouded , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants demand to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - throttle and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before start , so the grease will hold the ascendant nut together when you hit it from the pot . If you have bother getting the industrial plant out of the wad , try run a blade around the edge of the mass , and gently whack the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant gently with ground , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the solution . After the plant is in the fresh pot , do n’t fecundate decently off … this will encourage the ascendent to fill in their raw menage .
The sizing spate you prefer is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch great in diam . recollect , many industrial plant choose being reasonably pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is plant in most soils and enter the works through the ascendant or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , transfer it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the dirt too . lave the passel with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts urine solution . fungicide can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal testimonial of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , wing insects that attack many types of plants and prosper in hot , dry condition ( like het up household ) . They can multiply promptly as a female person can pose up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is make by the youthful larvae which give on crank leaf and blossom tissue . This leads to malformed outgrowth , injured heyday petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can conduct many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screening on windows to keep them out . take or discard overrun plant life , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of innate enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a expert steadfast rain shower of water will wash them off the plant . confer your local garden center professional or county conjunctive extension service government agency for legal chemic testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry status ( like heated up house ) . Spider mites tip with pierce mouth parts , which make plant to seem yellow and speckled . leafage dip and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mite can breed quick , as a female can lie up to 200 egg in a living span of 30 day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep smoke down and dispatch infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are regularly water , specially those prefer mellow humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always fit young plants prior to bringing them home from the garden gist or nursery . Take vantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension place , interpret and come after all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally know . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - bloodless , gentle - bodied insects that bring out a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / suckle mouthpiece parts that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften take care like small pieces of cotton fiber and they lean to congregate where folio and stems branch . They assail a wide range of plants . The immature tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding patch , then they attend out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can step down a flora leading to sensationalistic foliation and folio driblet . They also create a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous increase called jet mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . refer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bug . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The vaporize grownup stage opt the bottom of leave-taking to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply cursorily as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can damp a plant life , eventually leading to plant last if they are not look into . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can head to an unattractive pitch-black surface fungal development called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep gage down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove invade plants aside from non - infested plants ; apply a ruminative mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambuscade with yellow sticky cards , apply label pesticide ; further natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoilt regular shower of pee will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not louse . They can be voracious feeder , feed just about anything that is not woody or extremely odoriferous . They may use up holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as fresh as possible , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned peck , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and great mulch provide trade protection from the component and can be preferent concealment places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy testis ( clusters of small semitransparent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . coiffe out beer trap from late outflow through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough gentle wind circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where night are coolheaded and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often ferment yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . unexampled foliage emerge rumple and deformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and space plant life properly so they obtain adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to recording label steering before problem becomes grievous and follow direction just , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - strip up and remove all leaves , flower , or debris in the fall and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to kingdom Fungi or bacterium . browned or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a body of water soak or yellow - inch appearing . louse , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is juiceless . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . nullify overhead irrigation if potential ; weewee should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , habituate a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide mixture of flora - indoor and outdoor . vernal scales crawl until they find a well feeding web site . The adult female then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its punishing shell level . They come out as bumps , often on the lower side of farewell . They have piercing oral cavity portion that take up the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to white-livered leafage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet heart and soul phone honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting pitch-black surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are grueling to insure . Isolate overrun plants forth from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . further natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is line up on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , musical scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the industrial plant . The full way of life to assure sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty clay sculpture can normally be wiped from leaves with a damp fabric or washed away with a hose - end nebuliser .
